InDesign CS5 Tutorial: Working with text - Paragraph and Character styles (Part 3a)

Hello everyone!
Today we going to talk about how to work with text in InDesign.
I prepared a ample document for you
that we are going to use in this tutorial.
You can download the file on my website.
You can find the link in the box under this YouTube video.
You can download the file and open it
And now we can get started with the tutorial.
One important concept of InDesign are styles.
You can define styles, for example for a paragraph.
If I formate the paragraph
change the color, change the font
I can apply this formatting to other paragraphs.
If you want to know: What is my paragraph?
Its a good idea to have hidden characters activated
I have them always activated
because it gives you this blue symbols in your text.
And its really useful for other things
that we going to cover in later tutorials.
You can define a lot of different
styles in InDesign.
You have paragraph an character styles
character styles are formatting certain words in your paragraph.
In "this tutorial" i could make the selection bold or italic.
That would be an character style.
I can also define styles for tables, objects and other things.
However, I'm not covering these additional styles today
as we are concentrating on paragraph and character styles for now.
The first paragraph style i want to create
is the style for our font.
If we are highlighting the paragraph, we can see
that we are using the font "Garamond".
The font types are indicated by T or O in front of the name.
T = True type O = Open type
Use always open type fonts
because true type fonts might cause problems between mac and windows.
They might not be compatible.
you can get in a lot of trouble if you text looks different on a PC than on a mac.
Remember to always use open type fonts.
I like the font "Adobe Garamond Pro"
we choose this font and see the change in our text.
And we going to create a new style
its named now "Paragraph style one"
We can go on *edit* to rename it
lets call it "font".
We also go on *advanced formats*
and we choose the language of our text.
Pick the language you want to use.
we will choose "English UK" in this case.
If i want to apply this formatting to other parts of the text
i can press *CMD* + *A* to select the whole text and click the paragraph style font.
This applies the style to the whole text.
I see a little "+" sign here
that means we have unwanted formatting
with "Clear overrides" you can get rit of the formatting that is causing trouble.
now every thing is in the chosen paragraph style ("font").
In the next step we look at our character styles.
For example, Latin names should be *italic*
I have a chemical compount, like water
i want the "2" to be *subscribt*.
Than we can go on, i have a formula in here
the -2 should be superscript
i have a reference in here, that i want to have small caps.
We can also define some words as bold
This are the most common character formatting you need.
now we need to define every single one as an character style.
Select your fomatted characters, click on "A" and create an new character style.
than we change the name to "italic".
we go on with the other styles
this "2", we can call it "down"
the "-2" over here
we can call it "up"
"big" we can name bold.
and we call the "small caps" -> "reference".
Now, we can take another part of the text
for example "Problem"
we click on the character style "bold" to assign the style to the selected text.
We also can make the word "paragraph" italic
and so on, you get the idea.
Now we want to work on our headlines.
First, we create a new folder in the Paragraph styles, to stay organized.
We name the folder "Headlines"
Than we create a new style and call it "Head 1"
The text i have selected, should be my first headline.
(first level headline)
I go on edit, never dobble click on the name
because than you would set "Head 1" as your defult paragraph style
We don't want to do that, so always *right click* -> *edit*
We see now that our style "head 1" is based on "font" that we created before.
The style "font" defines with font is used in the text.
If we change the font in the style "font", the font of all styles based on the style "font" will change as well.
We want that.
Now we will apply numbering.
We go on *numbers*
and if we have the *preview checkbox* activated
we also se the changes we do in the options in our text.
I like to have the space between the number and the headline
on 1 cm.
we also want to have the font in bold.
We are happy with the headline and click *ok*.
The headline below should be our sub headline.
Therefore i duplicate the style "Head 1"
because i want the sub headline to start with "1.1"
We call the sub headline style "Head 2"
Now we need to adjust settings in the numbering of "Head 2"
set the numbering on level 2
we also adjust the numbering settings
Im not going into details here.
I just paste what we need in there.
click *ok*
The sub headline has still the style "Head 1" assigned
change the style by clicking on "Head 2".
Now we have "1.1 Sub headline"
We assign "Head 2" also to the next sub headline
you get the idea
We can also add headlines on a third level.
i type in a new headline
headline level 3
to do this, we again copy the style
we call it "Head 3"
go on numbering and change the numbering style accordingly.
also change the level to 3
*ok* and we have the paragraph style for our third level of headlines.
The last step with paragraph styles, will be formatting of the main text.
We want to have the text aligned to the sides.
We can also include an 10mm indent, that aligns with the headlines.
type in 1 cm
for manny thesis a increased distance between the lines is required.
for example 1.5 times
we can set the distance under character styles.
at the moment, its set to automatic, we need to do some math
(14.4) * 1.5
= 21.6 pt
now the distance is nice.
I also recomend to activate the *Story mode*.
this aligns the letters in a different way, so they look better.
If we look now on our paragraph style, you see that I made a little mistake
We made changes in the paragraph style "font" that is the basis for all our styles. The character styles we added to the text should however affect only the main text.
We would need to define a new paragraph style
On other thing; You also can get rid of the formatting changes in the text
select the paragraph
and *clear overwrites*, that are not defined in character styles.
You can also get rid of character styles in the text
with *clear character styles*
However we will keep the changes and define a new paragraph style.
I should have done that before.
Sorry for that!
call the new paragraph style "basic text"
Now we want to apply the the new paragraph on all text paragraphs
Never use the paragraph style "font" directly in the text!
The style "font" should just define the used font
lets control if the new style is based on the style "font"
Press "CMD"+"A" to apply the paragraph style "basic text" to the whole text.
We are lucky that we have defined headline styles.
Head 1, Head 2, Head 2
Now we have all the styles assigned how they should be.
Again; never use "font" use "basic text" instead.
Now we need to adjust the spacing between headline and text.
go on "Headline 1" and *edit*
However, there is an alternative way to do this
Apply your changes in the written text
we increase the distance by 7.2 pt to end up at 1.5x spacing
press return to apply
we get the "+" in the paragraph style "Head 2"
now we can redefine the style
to use the changed formatting as the paragraph style "Head 2".
The changes are now applied to all headlines with "Head 2" in the text.
We do the same thing for the first "Head 1" style.
Again 7.2 pt
we are getting the "+" and redefine the style.
It would have been better to create the "basic text" style in the start, sorry again.
Now everything is how it should be
we have defined our basic paragraphs and character styles
and now we have everything we need to go on with typing.